Background and Objective: Fixed drug eruption (FDE) is one kind of drug rashes that is characterized by re-appearance of the lesions on the same sites after re-exposure to the causative drug. This study was performed to evaluate the epidemiologic characteristics of FDE. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was done on a series of 100FDE cases, whom were admitted at the outpatient dermatology clinic of Hazrat-e-Rasoul Hospital over a six-year period. The primary diagnosis of FDE was suggested according to clinical findings including a remaining hyperpigmentation at the site of healed skin lesion(s). Oral challenge test with a single low dose administration of the suspected drug was used to confinn the diagnosis. Recurrence of the lesion(s) at the same body area(s) was considered as positive result. Results: Most commonly causative agents were co-trimoxazole and codein, which were found in 88% and 3% FDE cases; respectively. The most common site of involvement was penile glans in 57.7% of male patients and trunk in 48.3% of females. In one patient, reaction to multiple drugs including co-trimoxazole, codein and tetracycline was observed and after re-challenge with each drug, re-appearance of the skin lesion at the same site was evident. Several patients reported concomitant acetaminophen intake, but there was no reaction to that drug. Conclusion: Co-trimoxazole is the most common cause of FDE.      

One of the most important devices in poem is the repeatation of vowels and consonants is named alliteration. Important is that alliteration has two functions, sound function and meaning function. In this article an attempt has been made to present a modle for analyzation of alliteration.

We give a  method to establish a Fixed point via partial $b$-metric  for multivalued mappings.  Since the geometry of multivalued Fixed points perform a significant role in numerous real-world problems and is fascinating and innovative, we introduce the notions of Fixed circle and Fixed disc to frame  hypotheses to establish Fixed circle/ disc theorems in a  space that permits non-zero self-distance with a coefficient more significant  than one.  Stimulated by the reality that the Fixed point theorem is the frequently used technique for solving boundary value problems, we solve a pair of elliptic boundary value problems.  Our developments cannot be concluded from the current outcomes in related metric spaces. Examples are worked out to substantiate the validity of the hypothesis of our results.

Our present work is the extension of the line of research in the context of $\phi$-metric spaces. We introduce the notion of Fixed circle and obtain suitable conditions for the existence and uniqueness of Fixed circles for self mappings. Additionally, we present some figures and examples in support of our  results.

Bradley mentions a vicious circle according to which any theory that considers external things as units composed of plural components are deficient. Since most tropists maintain that the minute things are composed of coexisting trops, Bradley’s vicious circle covers tropism as well. Mavrin holds that Bradley’s view on how the relationship exists is wrong, and that the relationship is something with an existential dependence on its surroundings; and she has, thus, resolved Bradley’s vicious circle. However, based on a reading of Allama Tabatabai’s analysis in the discussion on existence of a connection, one may criticize Mavrin and consider a mutual dependence between the relationship and its surroundings. Besides, although Mavrin’s view resolves Bradley’s vicious circle, it seems to be inconsistent with tropism theory. In this article, after a brief look at tropism, we mention Bradley’s vicious circle and explain it for the theory of tropism. Then, we mention Mavrin’s solution and review it to defend the view of internal and mutual dependence between the relationship and its surroundings.

In Iranian Art mystical Concepts and Symbolic signs have always been affective methods in conveying thoughts, religious and ceremonial insights. For this reason, symbolic concepts and mystical Literary and artistic works have been assigned a major part of Iranian art. Probably no other symbol was known more than the winged circle in different tribe's culture and this is why today in the modern world we can still see this sign in different companies and organization logos and trademarks. For this purpose we study the falcon sign which was the sun's symbol in all ancient civilizations and has a deep relation with this sign, then will consider the meaning and symbols of the winged circle on those civilizations. We hope that this research will be useful to all who wish to know more about this mystical sign.

The problem of the hermeneutical circle is one of the contentious issues in philosophical hermeneutics. This paper, begins with focusing on the question as to whether what hermeneuts mean by a hermeneutical circle is in fact a real circle with no analogical sense involved. Recognizing that this problem is not confined to the relation between part and whole, this study confines itself to explore the problem of the hermeneutical circle with regard to the circularity between part and whole in a sentence. I will argue that, as far as the interdependence between part and whole of a sentence is concerned, there is no real circularity between them. This will be followed by scrutinizing the source of such a misunderstanding, i.e., the circular interdependence between understanding the part and the whole of a sentence. I will present my analysis through a critical reading of two contemporary hermeneuts, Eric Donald Hirsch and Graeme Nicholson, even though both are on the right track in questioning the existence of such a circle in the first place. The argument presented could apply to contexts well beyond that of the circularity between part and whole in a sentence.